Replace where...first with find_by

Fixes #7539

closes #7593

app/models/comment.rb

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Comment < ApplicationRecord
 
   after_destroy do
     self.parent.update_comments_counter
-    participation = author.participations.where(target_id: post.id).first
+    participation = author.participations.find_by(target_id: post.id)
     participation.unparticipate! if participation.present?
   end
 

app/models/conversation.rb

@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ class Conversation < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def set_read(user)
-    if visibility = self.conversation_visibilities.where(:person_id => user.person.id).first
-      visibility.unread = 0
-      visibility.save
-    end
+    visibility = conversation_visibilities.find_by(person_id: user.person.id)
+    return unless visibility
+    visibility.unread = 0
+    visibility.save
   end
 
   def participant_handles
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class Conversation < ApplicationRecord
   def last_author
     return unless @last_author.present? || messages.size > 0
     @last_author_id ||= messages.pluck(:author_id).last
-    @last_author ||= Person.includes(:profile).where(id: @last_author_id).first
+    @last_author ||= Person.includes(:profile).find_by(id: @last_author_id)
   end
 
   def ordered_participants

app/models/like.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Like < ApplicationRecord
 
   after_destroy do
     self.parent.update_likes_counter
-    participation = author.participations.where(target_id: target.id).first
+    participation = author.participations.find_by(target_id: target.id)
     participation.unparticipate! if participation.present?
   end
 

app/models/message.rb

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ class Message < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def increase_unread(user)
-    if vis = ConversationVisibility.where(:conversation_id => self.conversation_id, :person_id => user.person.id).first
-      vis.unread += 1
-      vis.save
-    end
+    vis = ConversationVisibility.find_by(conversation_id: conversation_id, person_id: user.person.id)
+    return unless vis
+    vis.unread += 1
+    vis.save
   end
 
   def message

app/models/person.rb

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class Person < ApplicationRecord
 
   def self.find_from_guid_or_username(params)
     p = if params[:id].present?
-          Person.where(:guid => params[:id]).first
+          Person.find_by(guid: params[:id])
         elsif params[:username].present? && u = User.find_by_username(params[:username])
           u.person
         else

app/models/post.rb

@@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ class Post < ApplicationRecord
 
   def reshare_for(user)
     return unless user
-    reshares.where(:author_id => user.person.id).first
+    reshares.find_by(author_id: user.person.id)
   end
 
   def like_for(user)
     return unless user
-    likes.where(:author_id => user.person.id).first
+    likes.find_by(author_id: user.person.id)
   end
 
   #############

app/models/service.rb

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class Service < ApplicationRecord
 
     def first_from_omniauth( auth_hash )
       @@auth = auth_hash
-      where( type: service_type, uid: options[:uid] ).first
+      find_by(type: service_type, uid: options[:uid])
     end
 
     def initialize_from_omniauth( auth_hash )

app/models/user.rb

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
       if pref_hash[key] == 'true'
         self.user_preferences.find_or_create_by(email_type: key)
       else
-        block = self.user_preferences.where(:email_type => key).first
+        block = user_preferences.find_by(email_type: key)
         if block
           block.destroy
         end
@@ -289,9 +289,9 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
   # @return [Like]
   def like_for(target)
     if target.likes.loaded?
-      return target.likes.detect{ |like| like.author_id == self.person.id }
+      target.likes.find {|like| like.author_id == person.id }
     else
-      return Like.where(:author_id => self.person.id, :target_type => target.class.base_class.to_s, :target_id => target.id).first
+      Like.find_by(author_id: person.id, target_type: target.class.base_class.to_s, target_id: target.id)
     end
   end
 

app/models/user/querying.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module User::Querying
 
   def block_for(person)
     return nil unless person
-    self.blocks.where(person_id: person.id).first
+    blocks.find_by(person_id: person.id)
   end
 
   def aspects_with_shareable(base_class_name_or_class, shareable_id)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ module User::Querying
   end
 
   def contact_for_person_id(person_id)
-    Contact.where(:user_id => self.id, :person_id => person_id).includes(:person => :profile).first
+    Contact.includes(person: :profile).find_by(user_id: id, person_id: person_id)
   end
 
   # @param [Person] person

app/models/user/social_actions.rb

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module User::SocialActions
 
   def update_or_create_participation!(target)
     return if target.author == person
-    participation = participations.where(target_id: target).first
+    participation = participations.find_by(target_id: target)
     if participation.present?
       participation.update!(count: participation.count.next)
     else